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FAT32 introduced some innovations:
- The root directory in the earlier systems was a fixed size; i.e., when the medium is formatted, the maximum number of files that could be created in the root directory (typically 512) is set. In FAT32, the root directory is dynamically resizable, like all other directories.
- Two special sectors have been added to the volume: the FS info sector and the backup boot sector. The former stores information convenient to the operation of the host, such as the last used cluster. The latter is a copy of the first disk sector (the boot sector), in case the original is corrupted.